Clearance to fire is granted based on what regulations?

Clearance to fire is primarily governed by the Theater Rules of Engagement (ROE). These rules are established to provide tactically specific guidance on the use of force within a particular operational environment. They are integral to maintaining operational effectiveness while also ensuring compliance with the law of armed conflict and minimizing risks to civilians.

Theater ROE delineate the circumstances under which military forces can engage enemies, including restrictions based on the mission, location, or engagement with non-combatants. They account for factors such as mission objectives, the necessity of force, and the proportionality of engagement.

While National Security Directives, Joint Operations Guidelines, and International Warfare Agreements play significant roles in shaping overall military strategy and policy, it is the Theater Rules of Engagement that provide the immediate and actionable framework for approval and execution of fire within the operational context.